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Hello, I'mr. Anderson and Well, it depends on where you live. Some people call it nickname, others call it nickname and others call it even nickname. I tend to call it nickname, but I think it's an American thing. And so whatever we call it, comes from a French word that simply means nickname. So a good way to think of a nickname is basically your role in an environment. And if we look right here, we see a couple of nicknames that are exploited. And so we have a rock here and then we have a hyacinth that grows on the rock. And so I can see four species here because the hyacinth is not a unique species. In reality it is a symbiotic relationship between an algae and a fungus. And they can't live alone. But I see this green hyacinth and then I also see this orange hyacinth that grows right here. Both of them have different nicknames or a different job. So one of the first scientists to make a good definition of a nickname was this guy, George Hachinson. I love his hair and I never managed to understand what kind of animal he was holding in his hand. It looks like a cat or a mouse, but he defined it as an n-dimensional hypervol So it looks So what is he actually talking about? Well, he'saying let's put a biotic factor or a biotic factor one side. Let'say that from this part we put the sunlight and the other h Well, this is just a bi-dimensional vol And so we basically call it an area. And so let'say you're an organism that So you could survive there, but you don't find yourself well with h Well, then this would be your own nickname here and so this area would be. But he says there are so many different characteristics both biotic and biotic. So we could add temperature, food, predators, all these things. So if you think of each of these as a different dimension, then you would have this hypervol And this would be this shape that only a species can fill and none of those species can survive. So we're going a little deeper. Let me explain what I'm talking about. So let'say we have the orange And the orange lichen loves a lot of sunlight. It's not good without sunlight, but it doesn't support a huge amount of h And now if we look at the green lichen, well, the green lichen loves more h And so basically if we put them in the same area at the same time, we'll see two nests. The first is your fundamental n-tion. And so your fundamental n-tion is where you could live. And so in other words, for that orange, the fundamental n-tion will be this whole area. He could live here. But when the green l-tion arrives, he can't. He's planted from that green. And so now we should give up this section. This actually belongs to the green. And so now the orange-colored lichen will be only this shape right here. And so this is a way to think of a n-tion. Another way to think of it is simply its work. And so let'say you work in a factory. This is one of the first chain of assembly of the Ford. In practice, each of the workers here has a work or a specific role within this factory. In the same way, in a coralline barrier, each of these coralls will have a different role that will take place within that ecosystem. And so they are constantly competing among themselves. And in fact, we have what is called the beginning of competitive exclusion. And this essentially means that you can have two different species that fill the same n-tion at the same time. A better way to say it is that the complete competitors, in other words, the two species that compete completely, do not even exist. It's And so let me tell you a true story about how it actually takes place. And this is a coyote. This is a wolf. And then this is a gray wolf. And so we didn't have the gray wolf in the Yellowstone Park for a long time. And so basically when the gray wolf went, the coyote began to take that role. And it started to have a strange behavior in white, and it started to end up very well. To fill n-tions that were occupied by the gray wolf for a long time. While they were doing it, the red wolf population actually decreased. They immediately had a hard time. And the reason is that the coyotes were enjoying that n-tion. Well, now let's introduce the gray wolf in the Yellowstone Park. The gray wolf is actually killing the coyotes. Killing the coyotes in Migliaia. And so when we introduced the wolf in the Yellowstone Park, almost immediately 50% of the coyotes went. And this is because they were in competition for the same source of food, the wolf and the coyote. And so the wolves took them by sight and killed them. And a white wolf against a coyote is not a competition, because coyotes live a lonely life. They killed them and that's enough. And so basically what happened is that the wolves took the prey on that n-tion that was occupied by the coyotes. As a result, now there are fewer coyotes and so you can imagine that the red wolf population is starting to take off. The one that is rather interesting. Em, at this moment you are going to the Yellowstone Park. We have assisted a selection and so now we are seeing coyotes that are much bigger than before and tend to cross most of their time on the roads to protect themselves from the h All here, this is all I have on the n-tion.
